Coprinus comatus / The Shaggy Mane Mushroom

The common fungus Coprinus comatus, often called the lawyer’s wig, the shaggy ink cap, or the shaggy mane, can be found growing on lawns, along gravel roads, and in waste areas. The immature fruit bodies first emerge from the ground as white cylinders, and then the bell-shaped crowns expand up. The popular names of the fungus are derived from the white, scale-covered caps. The name “ink cap” refers to the process by which the gills beneath the cap change from white to pink to black before deliquescing (‘melting’) into a black liquid containing spores. This mushroom is rare because, after being harvested or dispersing spores, it will quickly turn black and disappear. Coprinus comatus.

It is a great edible mushroom when young as long as it is consumed quickly after being harvested; otherwise, it keeps very poorly due to the autodigestion of its gills and cap. If long-term preservation is necessary, the mushrooms can be frozen or cooked in a microwave, saute, or simmer until limp. They can also be kept in the refrigerator for a number of days. Additionally, keeping the mushrooms in a glass of ice water will prevent them from decomposing for one or two days, giving you time to cook with them. To avoid unfavorable alterations to the mushroom, processing or icing must be done within four to six hours following harvest, whether for eating or storage. In China, the species is grown for food. The Shaggy Mane Mushroom.

What are Shaggy Mane Mushroom?

The virtually cylindrical cap of the shaggy ink cap, which initially covers the majority of its stem, makes it simple to identify. The breadth and height of the cap are respectively 4-8 cm (1+58-3+18 in) and 6-20 cm (2+38-7+78 in). Its shaggy scales, which are more light brown at the tip, are generally white in color. The color of the free gills quickly changes from white to pink to black. It is luscious. The white, rather thick stipe[6] has a loose ring near the bottom and is 6-40 cm (2-16 in) high by 1-2.5 cm (12-1 in) in diameter. Pleurocystidia are not seen in the mushroom under a microscope. The spores are black-brown in color and 10–13 by 6.5-8 m in size. The taste is light, and the flesh is white. The Shaggy Mane Mushroom Benefits.

Description And Identification

Cap: The cap is 2.5–5 cm wide, ovoid to cylindrical, aging to convex or bell-shaped, dry, with shallow grooves at the edge, and white with reddish brown scales. White, delicate flesh.
Gills: Gills are white when very young, turn gray, then black, and dissolve (deliquesce) with age. They are detached from the stalk and very closely packed together.
Stalk: 5–20 cm long, 1–2.5 cm thick, enlarging at the base; white, hollow within; near the base, a zone of white fibers like a ring.
Spore print: Black spore print.
Habitat: on lawns, in pastures, or by the sides of roads; solitary, dispersed, or clumped; spring, fall, and early winter.

Since there are no harmful lookalikes, the shaggy mane is a favorite among mushroom hunters. Additionally, it is a tasty food.

Bioactive Substances
Carbohydrates
The Limulus Factor G test has been used to measure the quantity of (13)–glucan in C. comatus and other fungi. In order to aid doctors in the early detection of infection, the Limulus Factor G test is typically performed to assess the (13)-glucan content in human serum as a result of infection by disease-causing fungi like Candida or Aspergillus. However, it can also be used to determine whether crude mushroom polysaccharide extracts include (13)-glucan. In comparison to 18 other medicinal or edible species, C. comatus was shown to have “superior” (13)-glucan concentration (Yang et al., 2003). coprinus comatus classification.

Through the use of sugar and methylation analyses, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and water-soluble fucogalactan obtained from the unprocessed intracellular polysaccharide of Coprinus comatus mycelium, the chemical structure of the fucogalactan was determined. A pentasaccharide repeating unit makes up the polysaccharide (Fan et al., 2006). coprinus comatus life cycle.

Classification
Kingdom Fungi
Phylum Basidiomycota
Class Basidiomycetes
Order Agaricales
Family Agaricaceae
Genus Coprinus

Common Names
Shaggy mane
Shaggy ink cap
Lawyer’s wig
Shaggy parasol
Spargelschopf [Asparagus Top] (German)

Benefits & Medicinal Properties of Shaggy Mane

(1).Anti-Cancer Action
Recently, it was shown that Coprinus comatus water extract contains powerful anticancer chemicals for breast cancer. These findings are very important because estrogen-independent (ER-) breast cancer has no effective treatment and is the malignancy that affects women most frequently worldwide. The water extract’s anticancer potential was demonstrated in three different ways:

1) It stopped both ER+ and ER- breast cancer cells from proliferating.
2) It caused apoptosis, the death of both ER+ and ER- cells.
3) It prevented the growth of tumor colonies in culture (Gu and Leonard, 2006).

A stomach cancer cell line was demonstrated to be inhibited by an alkaline protein known as y3, isolated from the fruiting bodies of C. comatus, with an IC50 of 12 g/mL (Wu et al., 2003). coprinus comatus edible.

The health of the immune system is generally determined by the serum lysozyme activity. Lysozyme can adhere to the surface of some invading bacteria and break down the polysaccharides found in their cell walls, in addition to making it simpler for white blood cells to engulf them. According to Chinese studies, serum lysozyme activity can be raised by administering mice with polysaccharide solutions made from C. comatus (Li et al., 2001). coprinus comatus characteristics.

(2).Glucose-Lowering Effects
Consuming C. comatus has been shown in numerous trials to help control blood glucose levels. Mice whose diets contained C. comatus powdered dry fruit bodies for one-third of their caloric intake (by weight) had lower plasma glucose levels and better intraperitoneal glucose tolerance. Additionally, even though overall energy consumption was not significantly lowered, weight growth was stopped. After 10 hours of intragastric injection of dried C. comatus (3.6 g/kg body weight), plasma glucose was only slightly decreased. The findings point to a slowly developing, mild hypoglycemia impact of C. comatus in healthy mice, together with metabolic effects that can halt the accumulation of body weight (Bailey et al., 1984). coprinus comatus benefits.

Other investigations looked into the vanadium-rich fermented Coprinus comatus mushroom’s hypoglycemic action. Vanadium salts mimic insulin, and vanadium compounds are being researched as potential insulin substitutes that might be taken orally. In addition to inducing normoglycemia and enhancing glucose homeostasis in insulin-deficient and insulin-resistant diabetic animals in vivo, vanadium salts also imitate the majority of the actions of insulin in vitro. According to one study (Han et al., 2003), sodium vanadate and Coprinus comatus fermentation liquid prevented mice’s blood glucose levels from rising. The mice’s blood sugar levels and HbA1c levels (glycosylated hemoglobin, a marker of plasma glucose concentration) were examined. The normal mouse population’s sugar tolerance was also assessed. After the mice were administered the vanadium-rich mushroom mycelia, the hyperglycemic mice’s blood glucose and HbA1c levels fell, the ascent of blood glucose caused by adrenalin was prevented, and the normal mice’s tolerance to sugar increased. The alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice’s body weight also steadily increased. Vanadium, when combined with the fermented C. comatus mushroom, significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose and HbA1c in hyperglycemic rats (Han et al., 2006). coprinus comatus psychedelic.

Sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich solid tumors’ growth was suppressed by 100% and 90%, respectively, by polysaccharides isolated from the mycelial culture of C. comatus and given intraperitoneally to white mice at a dose of 300 mg/kg (Ohtsuka et al., 1973). coprinus comatus alcohol.

(3).Anti-Nematode Activity
According to Li and Xiang (2005), Coprinus comatus is reported to contain substances that kill nematodes. The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne arenaria and the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus are specifically immobilized, killed, and used by this fungus. It accomplishes this by creating a structure known as a “spiny ball,” which is a burr-like structure made up of several small tubes. In hours, nematodes fed to C. comatus cells grown on nutrient agar go dormant. According to electron microscopy, C. comatus infects P. redivivus by creating pegs that hyphae use to infiltrate the worm bodies. Mycelial hyphae quickly break down and consume the infected worm. This is assumed to be a strategy the fungus uses to survive in low-nitrogen conditions (Luo et al., 2004). coprinus comatus psychedelic effects.

(4).Anti-oxidant Function
Ergothioneine, a thiol molecule with antioxidant characteristics, was discovered in shaggy-manes almost fifty years ago (List, 1957). Later research (Badalyan et al., 2003) validated the anti-oxidant activity. coprinus comatus etymology.

Information On Nutrition And Composition
Several chemicals were discovered in the water extract from the fruit body after a research of the flavor compounds found in C. comatus (Dijkstra and Wiken, 1976; Djikstra, 1976) was conducted. These compounds included:

3-octanone

3-octanol

1-octen-3-ol

1-octanol

2-methyl-2-penten-4-olide

1-dodecanol

acid caprylique

5′-GMP

sulfuric acid

(Supposedly) n-butyric acid and isobutyric acid.

The presence of chemicals that mask or reduce flavor strength is suggested by the fact that a combination of 37 compounds detected in the extract had a greater flavor than the original extract. coprinus comatus class.

The table below summarizes C. comatus’s fatty acid makeup (by percentage of total fatty acids):-

Fatty acid type	Fruit body	Stem
Saturated fatty acids	20.0	31.8
Monounsaturated fatty acids	32.3	68.6
Polyunsaturated fatty acids	26.0	61.8
Palmitoleic acid	9.63	14.6
Palmitic acid	0.199	1.77
Stearic acid	3.46	6.6
Oleic acid	6.17	5.07
Linoleic acid	25.8	59.5
Arachidic acid	1.66	3.69

Taxonomy
The shaggy ink cap was first named Agaricus comatus by Danish naturalist Otto Friedrich Müller in 1780, and Christiaan Hendrik Persoon gave it its current scientific name in 1797. Coma, or “hair,” is the root of its particular name, which is comatus, which means “hairy” or “shaggy.” Other frequent names include shaggy mane and lawyer’s wig . coprinus comatus phylum.

The type species for the genus Coprinus is Coprinus comatus. It used to be thought of as a huge genus with well over 100 species. Agaricaceae and Psathyrellaceae were the two families to which the former species belonged, according to a molecular examination of DNA sequences. The most well-known of the real Coprinus is Coprinus comatus.

Comparable Species
The mushroom and the toxic magpie fungus can occasionally be confused. The ‘vomiter’ mushroom is popular in America. Due to its resemblance to shaggy mane and other edible mushrooms, Chlorophyllum molybdites is to blame for the majority of incidents of mushroom poisoning. Similar in appearance, Coprinopsis atramentaria (common ink cap) contains coprine and can cause coprine poisoning, especially when combined with alcohol. Similar species include Podaxis pistillaris. shaggy mane mushroom price .

Appearance, Natural Areas And Environment
It develops in clusters in frequently unexpected locations, such urban green spaces. In North America and Europe, it is common in grasslands and meadows. In the UK, it is present from June to November. shaggy mane mushroom recipe.

ears to have traveled to Iceland, New Zealand, and Australia. The species is widespread enough in Australia that Australia Post included it on a postage stamp in 1981. shaggy mane mushroom poisonous look-alikes, shaggy mane mushroom facts, shaggy mane mushroom sasquatch, shaggy mane mushroom taste.

A nematophagous fungus called Coprinus comatus can kill and consume the nematode species Panagrellus redivivus and Meloidogyne arenaria. shaggy mane mushroom price per pound, shaggy mane mushroom alcohol, shaggy mane mushroom poisonous, shaggy ink cap mushroom alcohol, desert shaggy mane mushroom edible.

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dried.